Half-diminished ii, dominant V, minor i — twelve keys
The minor mode reshapes the ii–V–I in three small ways. The
ii becomes a half-diminished chord (m7♭5), since
the natural minor's 6th degree (the ♭5 of the ii chord) is a
half step lower than the major's. The V stays dominant
7, since the harmonic minor's raised 7th gives it the
major 3rd it needs to function as a true V. And the
i is a m7 chord instead of a maj7.
The shells overlap almost perfectly with the major-key shells:
a m7♭5 has the same 3 + ♭7 as a regular m7 (the ♭5 isn't in the
shell), and the V7 is identical in either mode. The difference is
the resolution — both shell voices land a half step lower than
they would in major (♭3 where major had 3, ♭7 where it had 7),
so the cadence moves two voices at once where the major moved
one. Same alternating A/B pattern everywhere else.
ii (m7♭5)
Shell = 3 + ♭7. The ♭5 lives in the chord name.
V7 to i
Dominant resolves down a 5th; both shell voices land a half step lower than in major.
01
Cm minor
02
Fm minor
03
B♭m minor
04
E♭m minor
05
A♭m minor
06
D♭m minor
07
F♯m minor
08
Bm minor
09
Em minor
10
Am minor
11
Dm minor
12
Gm minor
Same architecture, different roof. Land the resolution a half step lower and the whole story tilts.